Uzbekistan has prioritized the internationalization of higher education in the country. It has become a key factor in the development of the national economy and mechanisms for promoting cultural diversity and the national education system. Uzbekistan has been focussing on raising the higher education system to a global level. The country is now in the forefront of attracting international students – with medical education aspirants from India especially having a high up-take.
Several universities, including Westminster University, Turin University, Management University Institute of Singapore, Bucheon University in Tashkent, TEAM University, and Inha University Tashkent maintain a campus in Tashkent offering English language courses across several disciplines. The Russian-language high education is provided by most national universities, including foreign Moscow State University and Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, maintaining campuses in Tashkent. As of 2019, Webster University, in partnership with the Ministry of Education, has opened a graduate school offering an MBA in Project Management and a MA in Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL).
There is a large airplane plant that was built during the Soviet era – Tashkent Chkalov Aviation Manufacturing Plant or ТАПОиЧ in Russian. The plant originated during World War II when production facilities were evacuated south and east to avoid capture by advancing Nazi forces. Until the late 1980s, the plant was one of the leading airplane production centers in the USSR. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, its manufacturing equipment became outdated; most of the workers were laid off. Now it produces only a few planes a year, but with interest from Russian companies growing, there are rumors of production-enhancement plans.
The Uzbek higher education system consists of institutions, scientific and pedagogical establishments performing research work, and state body formations.
According to the National Programme for Personnel Training, higher education builds on academic achievements of specialized secondary education (academic lyceum) and/or vocational education (vocational college) and includes two levels: Bachelor’s degree and Master’s degree.
First level – Bachelor program
This basic higher education provides fundamental knowledge in one of the branches of higher education for a minimum period of study of four years. Upon completion of the Bachelor’s program, graduates are awarded Bachelor’s degree and a state diploma (in Uzbek: Bakalavr), which entitles them to start a professional activity or to continue studies at the Master’s level.
Second level – Master program
This level of higher education provides knowledge in specific areas and lasts for at least two years after the Bachelor’s degree. Master program graduates are awarded a state diploma (in Uzbek: Magistr), which entitles them to work in the relevant professional areas or to continue education in postgraduate education establishments.
The new Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Education adopted in 2020 introduced for the first time the concept of inclusive education, considering dual education with work placement and distance education as one of the forms of education implemented through ICT and the Internet.
One of the strategic development goals of the country’s HE (Higher Education) system is enhancing the quality of training of creative and systemically thinking professionals, strengthening the attractiveness of the higher education system for investments, and introducing the “University 3.0” concept that calls for close integration of education, research, and innovation.
The number of majors offered in higher education in Uzbekistan is over 270, and the number of specialties is over 600. The Soviet-style higher education system differed greatly from the western model.